Solar 📍

While I certainly welcome lower-cost solar panels, and would most certainly include solar power when I own my off-grid homestead, I am deeply concerned about the tens of thousands, and soon to be hundreds of thousands of acres of land being developed for industrial solar farms across the state. Information both on solar farms and smaller, more appropriate uses of solar technology.

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SVGZ Graphic: New Jersey Population Density

Eco-Worthy Solar Tracker Install – Better Than Ever with Bifacial Panels | Remote Off-Grid Cabin

We're powering up like never before! In this video, we install the new and improved Eco-Worthy Solar Tracker—now featuring bifacial solar panels for maximum efficiency. This upgraded system is a game changer for our life at the remote off-grid cabin deep in the wilderness of Northern Michigan.

After taking down our old setup, we’re finally putting the tracker back up—and this version is better than ever. Watch as we walk through the full install, share why this system matters so much to our daily life off-grid, and show you how well it performs in action.

SVGZ Graphic: Domestic Migration, June 2020 to 2022

Why solar panels hate shadows ☀

Solar panels are made up of solar cells which are diodes or silicon junctions or check valves that put out 0.5 to 0.6 volts each without load (open circuit). To charge a 12 volt battery, you put 10 solar cells in series to get roughly 20 volts which under load will drop down to closer to 15 volts.

Every solar cell is a diode and not only prevents the backwards flow of current it also prohibits forward flow of current without sunlight to excite the electrons and bridge the junctions.

As solar panels are strings diodes wired in series, if you partially block one diode by providing less light due to a shadow the performance of the entire panel suffers disproportionately. It’s actually bad for the panel to be exposed to shadows continously as when you are blocking flow of current due to shadows you are starting to wear down the silicon junctions in other cells eventually causing permanent damage to the panel.

Rooftop Solar is Kind of Dumb

While rooftop solar is often the “default” due to space constraints, it comes with several inherent compromises compared to other mounting methods. Ground-mounted systems and solar carports often outperform rooftop panels in production, but rooftop solar remains the most cost-effective entry point for many homeowners.

FeatureRooftop SolarGround-Mounted Solar
Upfront CostLower (~20% less) as it uses existing structures.Higher due to trenching, foundations, and racking.
EfficiencyLower; panels trap heat and are limited by roof angle.Higher; 15–25% more energy via optimal tilt/airflow.
MaintenanceHarder; requires roof access, ladders, and safety gear.Easier; eye-level access for cleaning and snow removal.
ImpactMay lead to roof leaks or complicate roof replacement.Consumes yard space.

Problems with Rooftop Installations

  • Structural Risks: Penetrating a roof for mounts can lead to leaks, even with professional installation. Furthermore, if you need to replace your roof, the panels must be removed and reinstalled at a significant extra cost.
  • Safety & Access: Cleaning debris or removing snow is significantly more dangerous at height.
  • Heat Degradation: Solar panels lose efficiency as they get hotter; rooftop units often lack the airflow found in ground-mounts, leading to higher degradation.

Decommissioning and Land Restoration on Solar Farms in New York 🌤️

When people think of “development,” they usually think of things that change the land forever:

  • Subdivisions: Cutting a 200-acre farm into 50 tiny tax parcels.
  • Permanent Infrastructure: Paving over fields for strip malls or warehouses.
  • Heavy Industrial Use: Permanent structures that mean the land will never be a farm again.

Solar is fundamentally different. Under solar and remains a single, contiguous parcel. It isn’t being carved up or sold off to build a cul-de-sac. It stays in the family, and at the end of the lease, the panels come off and the dirt is still there.

The “Land Resting” Perspective 🌽

When a farmer signs a 30-year lease for solar, that land is essentially being “fallowed” or rested.

  • No Chemicals: Most solar agreements state there are no pesticides or heavy fertilizers being sprayed on that soil for three decades.
  • Pollinator Habitats: Many solar sites now require “pollinator-friendly” seed mixes under the panels, which can actually improve the soil quality and help local bee populations.
  • Future Farming: Once the 30 years are up and the panels are removed via the bond money, the soil might actually be in better shape for the next generation of farmers than it was after decades of intensive mono-cropping.

Returning Solar Farms to “Greenfield” Status 🚜

The goal of the state’s solar restoration standards is to ensure the land is reversible. Unlike a shopping mall or a housing development, solar is considered a “temporary” use of land (usually 25–40 years).

The restoration requirements typically include:

  • Total Removal: Taking out every panel, racking system, and—most importantly—the steel piles driven into the ground.
  • Underground Cleanup: Removing all underground cabling to a depth of at least 3 or 4 feet so it doesn’t interfere with future plowing.
  • Soil Health: De-compacting the soil in areas where heavy equipment drove and replacing any topsoil that was moved during construction.
  • Road Removal: Digging up gravel access roads and returning those strips to farmable soil.

The Decommissioning Bond: A Financial Guarantee 🛡️

Before a developer can even break ground, they must put up a letter of credit or a surety bond.

  • Not a Promise, but Cash: This isn’t just a signed paper. It is a financial instrument held by the state or town.
  • Bankruptcy Proof: If the solar company disappears or goes out of business, the money is already there. The town or state can pull those funds to hire a crew to remove the panels.
  • Regular Updates: These bonds are usually re-evaluated every 5 to 10 years to account for inflation, ensuring the “cleanup fund” stays large enough to cover the actual costs in the future.

The Big Picture 🌍

We are in a climate crisis. We have to reduce carbon emissions in the next few years to avoid the worst impacts of extreme weather and drought—things that hit farmers harder than anyone else.

Map: Oakley Corners State Forest
Map: Cat Hollow Lean-to and Campbell Mountain