While I had previously done a few months back this analysis in Python, I decided to port the code over to R. The code is simpler in R. One thing of note is that I had to use tracts rather than block groups due missing data for certain block groups.
A look at the routing of Karner Road through two aerial photos.
LEFT - New Karner Road 2021
RIGHT - Karner Road, 1952
Originally when the NYS Thruway was built through Albany, they acquired land and graded ramps to New Scotland and Delaware Avenue. I don't know if this was originally part of a local highway, but the ramps have long been removed and replaced with housing and other buildings and are no longer owned by the Thruway Authority. Aerial photography on the left is from 1952.