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Solar panel recycling in the US — a looming issue that could harm industry growth and reputation – pv magazine USA
The downside is that solar panels have finite lifespans; are difficult and expensive to recycle; and are being decommissioned in increasingly large numbers. The United States lags behind Europe and other regions in its PV recycling programs and policy progress, with the majority of unusable solar panels ending up in landfill.
100 year flood 💧
100 year flood 💧
A 100 year flood is one that has a 1% chance of happening in any particular year. That is the level of risk that the government declares as within a flood plain, and requires flood insurance to purchase a government backed mortgage.
You might think that a 100 year flood occurs every one hundred years or your guaranteed a single flood every 100 years but that’s not how probability works. A 100 year flood only has a 63.3% chance of happening at least once each century.
The formula for probability over time is:
C = Chance in percent of winning
T = The number of times your running the probability
P = Percent chance of winning over time
(1 - (1-C) ) ^ T = P
(1- (1 - 0.01) ) ^ 20 = 0.182 or 18.2% flood risk over 20 years.
A 100 year flood plain has a 63.3% chance of flooding over 100 years, 86.6% chance over 200 years, and 95.0% chance over 300 years.