The wealthiest town in New York State is New Castle in Westchester County, where the average household takes home $204,531. Median Household Incomes are somewhat lower in Upstate.
Data Source: 2016 American Community Survey Estimates, Median Household Income by County Subdivision. http://factfinder.census.gov/
I am going to look at the numbers some more but I'm betting that the main person to blame for the state's population decline is President Trump. New York's historic population gains have always been highly dependent on immigrants coming to New York from foreign countries - be it refugees or those seeking a better life or career or a life with family members.
Americans on the whole don't choose to move to New York - its an expensive, old state with aging infrastructure - but it's often the first stop for immigrants. But with the dynamic economy and diverse culture its a good first stop.
Currently the American Community Survey put out by the US Census Bureau estimates the number of citizens and non-citizens in each blockgroup (a group of similar demographic blocks). This map shows citizenship rates for New York State, from the 2016 ACS 5-year Averages for each Census Tract in New York State.
These estimates are used for many purposes, the most notable is for compliance with the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which requires no dilution of voting power of Citizen Voting Age Participants based on race. The Decennial Census, a full population count has not asked about Citizenship since 1950, preferring to focus on core questions to keep the form as short and easy to fill out as possible. Instead, for VRA purposes, American Community Survey estimates is used to calculating the number of citizens in each political district.
The Trump administration, in an effort to get a supposedly more accurate count of citizens and non-citizens, down to the block level, is adding the question back to the 2020 Decennial Census. Some people, worry that fewer people will fill out a longer census form or that the citizenship questions will lead minorities to not-fill out the forum. Others argue that statistically it is more accurate to estimate a large population, then it is to do a total count -- as estimates can make up for non-participation of certain groups of the population.
Data Source: 2016 ACS 5-year Average, Percentage of Non-Citizens per Census Tract. http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/searchresults.xhtml?refresh=t
Carpooling is more common in some suburban parts of New York, along with some rural parts, and a few urban neighborhoods.
Data Source: 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. DP03, SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_16_5YR_DP03&src=pt
